Journal for the Study of the Old Testament

 

Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Miles, J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
Social Bookmarking
 Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Vol. 31, No. 2, 193-219 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0309089206073099

Re-reading the Power of Satire: Isaiah’s ‘Daughters of Zion’, Pope’s ‘Belinda’, and the Rhetoric of Rape

Johnny Miles

Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298100, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA

This essay’s semiotic and feminist approach proposes a re-reading of the ‘daughters of Zion’ poem (Isa. 3.16-4.1) as a rape text. Analysis of such a text (including intertextuality with Alexander Pope’s The Rape of the Lock) with deleterious effects for a rape culture reveals the interplay of satire with its poetics of rape, the misogynist biases actuating the sexual violence of its rape rhetoric, and the necessity to re-inscribe valuation of the feminine in such a text of terror vis-à-vis a rape culture. This poetic satire possesses no ideological neutrality as its androcentric nature (en)genders the (male) poet and Yhwh to (circum)(in)scribe the ultimate fate of these women as rape victims after having mocked them with sexist stereotypes. Nonresistance to this textual marginalization of Woman as ‘other’ tacitly succumbs to this text’s power to interpellate female readers as immasculated victims and male readers as salacious voyeurs, thus coopting readers in the perpetual ethos of violence against the feminine. The resistant act of re-reading such a textual act of violence, however, empowers by unveiling it as an abuse of power and liberates by voicing advocacy for the suffering silent demeaned, devalued, and dehumanized.

Key Words: semiotics • emasculation • rape culture • economy of gender • objectification • rereading

References

  • Ackerman, S. 1998 ‘Isaiah’, in C. Newsom and S. Ringe (eds.), Women’s Bible Commentary ( Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox Press ): 169-177.
  • Adams, C. 1993 ‘"I Just Raped My Wife! What Are You Going to Do About It, Pastor?": The Church and Sexual Violence’, in Buchwald, Fletcher, and Roth (eds.) 1993: 57-86.
  • Adorno, T. 1973 Negative Dialectics (trans. E.B. Ashton; New York: Continuum ).
  • Bach, A. 1999 ‘Re-reading the Body Politic: Women and Violence in Judges 21’, in A. Bach (ed.), Women in the Hebrew Bible: A Reader ( New York: Routledge ): 389-401.
  • Barthes, R. 1972 Mythologies (trans. Annette Lavers; New York: The Noonday Press ).
  • Brownmiller, S. 1975 Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape ( New York: Simon & Schuster) .
  • Buchwald, E., P. Fletcher, and M. Roth (eds.) 1993 Transforming a Rape Culture ( Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions) .
  • Carroll, R. P. 1990 ‘Is Humour Also Among the Prophets?’, in A. Brenner and Y. Radday (eds.), On Humour and the Comic in the Hebrew Bible (JSOTSup, 92; Sheffield: Almond Press ): 169-189.
  • Clements, R. E. 1980 Isaiah 1-39 ( NCB; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans) .
  • Cornell, D. 1992 The Philosophy of the Limit ( New York: Routledge) .
  • Culler, J. 1982 On Deconstruction: Theory and Criticism after Structuralism ( New York: Cornell University Press) .
  • Darr, K. 1994 Isaiah’s Vision and the Family of God (Literary Currents in Biblical Interpretation; Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox Press) .
  • Davis, H. (ed.) 1978 Pope: Complete Poetical Works ( New York: Oxford University Press) .
  • Delany, S. 1976 ‘Sex and Politics in Pope’s Rape of the Lock’, in N. Rudich (ed.), Weapons of Criticism: Marxism in America and the Literary Tradition ( Palo Alto, CA: Ramparts Press ): 173-190.
  • Derrida, J. 1986 Glas (trans. J. Leavey, Jr., and R. Rand; Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press) .
  • Eco, U. 1979 The Role of the Reader: Explorations in the Semiotics of Texts (Advances in Semiotics; Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press) .
  • Eco, U. 1989 The Open Work (trans. A. Cancogni; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press) .
  • Eco, U. 1990 The Limits of Interpretation (Advances in Semiotics; Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press) .
  • Elliott, R. 1966 The Power of Satire: Magic, Ritual, Art ( Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press) .
  • Ellis, L. 1989 Theories of Rape: Inquiries into the Causes of Sexual Aggression ( New York: Hemisphere Publishing) .
  • Exum, J. 1993 Fragmented Women: Feminist (Sub)versions of Biblical Narratives (Valley Forge, PA: Trinity Press International; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press) .
  • Exum, J. 1996 Plotted, Shot, and Painted: Cultural Representations of Biblical Women (GCT, 3; JSOTSup, 215; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press) .
  • Fetterley, J. 1978 The Resisting Reader: A Feminist Approach to American Fiction ( Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press) .
  • Flynn, E., and P. Schweickart (eds.) 1986 Gender and Reading: Essays on Readers, Texts, and Contexts ( Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press) .
  • Foucault, M. 1994 The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences ( New York: Vintage Books) .
  • Frye, N. 1971 Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays ( Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press) .
  • Gross, D. 1988 ‘"The Conqu’ring Force of Unresisted Steel": Pope and Power in The Rape of the Lock’ , New Orleans Review 15: 23-30 .
  • Herman, D. 1984 ‘The Rape Culture’, in J. Freeman (ed.), Women: A Feminist Perspective ( Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield Publishing , 3rd edn): 20-38.
  • Horton, A., and J. Williamson 1989 Abuse and Religion: When Praying Isn’t Enough ( Lexington, MA: Lexington Books) .
  • Jabès, E. 1993 The Book of Margins (trans. R. Waldrop; Chicago: University of Chicago Press) .
  • Jemielity, T. 1992 Satire and the Hebrew Prophets (Literary Currents in Biblical Interpretation; Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox Press) .
  • Kaiser, O. 1972 Isaiah 1-12 (trans. R. Wilson; OTL; Philadelphia: Westminster Press) .
  • Linafelt, T. 1997 ‘Margins of Lamentation, Or, The Unbearable Whiteness of Reading’, in T. Beal and D. Gunn (eds.), Reading Bibles, Writing Bodies: Identity and the Book ( New York: Routledge ): 219-231.
  • McFague, S. 1982 Metaphorical Theology: Models of God in Religious Language ( Philadelphia: Fortress Press) .
  • Meyers, C. 1992 ‘Temple, Jerusalem’ , in ABD: IV, 350-369 .
  • Meyers, K. 1988 ‘Feminist Hermeneutics and Reader Response: The Role of Gender in Reading The Rape of the Lock’ , New Orleans Review 15: 43-50 .
  • Miller, N. 1975 ‘The Exquisite Cadavers: Women in Eighteenth-Century Fiction’ , Diacritics 5: 37-43 .
  • Miscall, P. 1991 ‘Isaiah: The Labyrinth of Images’ , Semeia 54: 103-121 .
  • Morris, D. 1984 ‘The Muse of Pain: An Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot and Satiric Reprisal’, in Alexander Pope: The Genius of Sense ( Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press ): 214-240.
  • Nussbaum, F. 1984 The Brink of All We Hate: English Satires on Women 1660-1750 ( Lexington: University Press of Kentucky) .
  • Payne, D. 1991 ‘Pope and the War Against Coquettes; Or, Feminism and The Rape of the Lock Reconsidered—Yet Again’ , The Eighteenth Century 32: 3-24 .
  • Pollak, E. 1985 The Poetics of Sexual Myth: Gender and Ideology in the Verse of Swift and Pope ( Chicago: University of Chicago Press) .
  • Rich, A. 1972 ‘When We Dead Awaken: Writing as Re-Vision’ , College English 34: 18-30 .[CrossRef]
  • Riffaterre, M. 1978 Semiotics of Poetry ( Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press) .
  • Ruether, R. 1983 Sexism and God-Talk: Toward a Feminist Theology ( Boston: Beacon Press) .
  • Said, E. 1985 Beginnings: Intention and Method ( New York: Columbia University Press) .
  • Sawyer, J. 1989 ‘Daughter of Zion and Servant of the Lord in Isaiah: A Comparison’ , JSOT 44: 89-107 .
  • Schibanoff, S. 1986 ‘Taking the Gold Out of Egypt’, in Flynn and Schweickart (eds.) 1986: 83-106.
  • Schweickart, P. 1986 ‘Reading Ourselves: Toward a Feminist Theory of Reading’, in Flynn and Schweickart (eds.) 1986: 31-62.
  • Scully, D. 1990 Understanding Sexual Violence: A Study of Convicted Rapists (Perspectives on Gender, 3; London: HarperCollinsAcademic) .
  • Watts, J. 1985 Isaiah 1-33 (WBC, 24; Waco, TX: Word Books) .
  • Weems, R. 1995 Battered Love: Marriage, Sex, and Violence in the Hebrew Prophets ( OBT; Minneapolis: Fortress Press) .
  • Wildberger, H. 1991 Isaiah 1-12 (Continental Commentaries; Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress) .
  • Young, K. 1989 ‘The Imperishable Virginity of Saint Maria Goretti’ , Gender & Society 3: 474-482 .[Abstract]

Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?



This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Miles, J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
Social Bookmarking
 Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?